Definition
Enlargement of veins around a testicle, more commonly on the left.
Symptoms
Heaviness, discomfort while standing or noticeable veins; it may be symptom-free.
How it may be discovered
Found during fertility assessment, scrotal examination or investigation of pain.
When to seek care
Consult for persistent discomfort, asymmetry or difficulty conceiving.
Investigations and tests
Standing examination with straining; Doppler when helpful and semen testing for fertility concerns.
Reaching a diagnosis
Grades 1 to 3 are clinical. Doppler can document reflux and testicular size.
Treatment options
Observation when appropriate, or selected surgery or embolisation. Finding a varicocele does not automatically justify treatment.
Explore this topic further
Continue with related explanations of how the body works and treatment options.