Physiology

Water, salts and acid–base balance

Updated: 3 October 2026

Reading time · 1 min See illustrations

The role

Kidneys adjust water and salt excretion to the body’s needs.

Tubules respond to hormonal signals and help regulate sodium and potassium.

They remove some acids and conserve bicarbonate needed for blood balance.

Drinking more is not always helpful: fluid intake needs individual advice in kidney or heart disease.

This general information does not replace a consultation. Tests and treatments are selected for each individual; they are not a routine checklist.

Continue with related explanations of how the body works and treatment options.